Stekelenburg was born on September 22, 1982 in Haarlem. He is a product of Ajax's youth academy and in the period from 2002 to 2011 he also played for the first team. He made his debut in Amsterdam on August 11, 2002 during the match between Ajax - PSV (3-1). So far he has played 301 official matches for Ajax's first team.
The 58-time Dutch international has won four Eredivisie titles with Ajax (2002, 2004, 2011 and 2021), won the Dutch Cup four times (2006, 2007, 2010 and 2021) and the Johan Cruijff Shield four times (2002, 2005, 2006 and 2007). He then went on to play for AS Roma, Fulham, Monaco and Southampton throughout his career. Finally, from 2016-2020, he played for Everton in the Premier League.